It was used to darken the brows and lashes, or to draw a line around the perimeter of the eye.Īccording to the history of metallurgy the first description of the procedure to isolate antimony is in the Italian book " De la pirotechnia" of 1540 of Vannoccio Biringuccio. A black antimony-based powder soluble in water known as stibium was the ancient version of mascara during Roman times. The chemical pioneer Jöns Jakob Berzelius used an abbreviation of this name for antimony in his writings, and his usage became the standard symbol. The relationship between antimony's modern name and its symbol is complex the Coptic name for the cosmetic powder antimony sulfide was borrowed by the Greeks, which was in turn borrowed by Latin, resulting in stibium. The word Antimony is a Latin corruption of Arabic انتيمون (ithmīd), which is derived from Latin Stibium, which came from Greek στιβι = a cosmetic powder (Sb 2S 3 was used for cosmetic purposes). After the first issue no others were produced.Īntimony was recognized in antiquity ( 3000 BC or earlier) in various compounds, and it was prized for its fine casting qualities. The coins were not popular, being too soft and they wore quickly when in circulation. Treatments chiefly involving antimony have been called antimonials.Ī coin made of antimony was issued in the Keichow Province of China in 1931. Tartar emetic is another antimony preparation which is used as an anti-schistosomal drug. Antimony has a nourishing or conditioning effect on keratinized tissues, at least in animals. Antimony and its compounds are used in several veterinary preparations like Anthiomaline or Lithium antimony thiomalate, which is used as a skin conditioner in ruminants. Small doses can kill the parasite without causing damage to the patient. Antimony attaches itself to sulfur atoms in certain enzymes which are used by both the parasite and human host. Antimony has been used for the treatment of schistosomiasis. ![]() Stibnite is still used in some developing countries as medicine. The natural sulfide of antimony, stibnite, was known and used in Biblical times as medicine and as a cosmetic. Also, antimony sulfide is one of the ingredients of a modern match. These flame-retardant applications include such markets as children's clothing, toys, aircraft and automobile seat covers. Antimony trioxide is the most important of the antimony compounds and is primarily used in flame-retardant formulations. used in the past to treat Schistosomiasis today Praziquantel is universally usedĪntimony compounds in the form of oxides, sulfides, sodium antimonate, and antimony trichloride are used in the making of flame-proofing compounds, ceramic enamels, glass, paints, and pottery.main and big-end bearings in internal combustion engines (as alloy).soldering - some "lead-free" solders contain 5% Sb. ![]() The most important use of antimony metal is as a hardener in lead for storage batteries. As an alloy, this semi-metal greatly increases lead's hardness and mechanical strength. Antimony is geochemically categorized as a chalcophile, occurring with sulfur and the heavy metals lead, copper, and silver.Īntimony is increasingly being used in the semiconductor industry in the production of diodes, infrared detectors, and Hall-effect devices. ![]() Antimony and some of its alloys are unusual in that they expand on cooling.Įstimates of the abundance of antimony in the Earth's crust range from 0.2 to 0.5 ppm. It is also attacked by oxidizing acids and halogens. A metalloid, antimony resembles a metal in its appearance and physical properties, but does not chemically react as a metal. Antimony is used in flame-proofing, paints, ceramics, enamels, a wide variety of alloys, electronics, and rubber.Īntimony in its elemental form is a silvery white, brittle, fusible, crystalline solid that exhibits poor electrical and heat conductivity properties and vaporizes at low temperatures. Yellow and black antimony are unstable non-metals. The stable form of antimony is a blue-white metal. A metalloid, antimony has four allotropic forms. Antimony ( IPA: /anˈtɪməni/) is a chemical element in the periodic table that has the symbol Sb ( Latin: stibium, meaning "mark") and atomic number 51.
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